The Solicitors Regulation Authority

This information in this section is supplied by the SRA.

The Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) is the regulator of solicitors and law firms in England and Wales. It works to protect members of the public and support the rule of law and the administration of justice. It does this by setting the standards for qualification as a solicitor, licensing individuals and firms to practise, and setting and enforcing high professional standards for the profession. In order to practise, all solicitors must be admitted to the roll of solicitors in England and Wales.

Further information is available via the SRA’s official website.  

Qualifying as a solicitor in England and Wales

Anyone wishing to become a solicitor in England and Wales must:

• have a degree in any subject or an equivalent level 6 qualification;
• pass both parts of the Solicitors Qualifying Exam (SQE);
• complete two years’ (or equivalent) qualifying work experience (QWE); and
• satisfy the SRA’s character and suitability requirements.

The SQE

The SQE consists of two stages. SQE1 tests functioning legal knowledge (FLK); and SQE2 tests practical legal skills. SQE1 covers:

• business law and practice, dispute resolution, contract, tort, legal system of England and Wales, and constitutional and administrative law and EU law and legal services (FLK1); and

• property practice, wills and the administration of estates, solicitors accounts, land law, trusts, and criminal law and practice (FLK2).

SQE1 comprises two separate assessments taken across two days. One assesses FLK1, the other FLK2. Each closed book assessment comprises of 180 single best answer multiple-choice questions. SQE1 must be passed before SQE2 can be taken and both parts of the SQE must be completed within six years.

SQE2 assesses candidates’ skills in:

• client interview and attendance note/legal analysis;
• advocacy;
• case and matter analysis;
• legal research;
• legal writing; and
• legal drafting.

Candidates’ ability to apply their knowledge of the law and legal practice is also assessed in SQE2. SQE2 assesses:

• criminal litigation (including advising clients at the police station);
• dispute resolution;
• property practice;
• wills and intestacy, probate administration and practice; and
• and business organisations rules and procedures (including money laundering and financial services).

Assessments of ethics and professional conduct are included in both SQE1 and SQE2.

There are 16 different assessments for SQE2. Four of the 16 are oral assessments and 12 are written assessments. The oral assessments take place over two consecutive half-days; the written assessments take place over three consecutive half-days.

The written assessments for both SQE1 and SQE2 are completed on a computer and taken either at an established test centre provided by Pearson Vue or at a temporary test centre set up for the purpose. SQE1 assessments can be taken in a wide range of countries across the world. The oral assessments for SQE2 can be taken only at test centres in England and Wales.

The SRA doesn’t specify training or courses; candidates are free to do the training they need to prepare themselves for SQE. That said, LawCareers.Net would recommend taking a preparation course for the best chance of passing. There’s a good range of options for candidates, including standalone SQE preparatory courses and others that integrate SQE preparation with a wider academic programme of study, leading to a master’s degree; in person, remote, and hybrid provisions; and courses that cover either SQE1 or SQE2, those that cover both, and others that cover specific aspects of either, such as advocacy. There’s also an option for candidates to buy materials to help their independent study. The range of fees and associated costs is wide.

Find out more about these courses with LawCareers.Net’s guide to SQE preparation.

Qualifying work experience

There’s a requirement for two years’ QWE before admission as a solicitor. The SRA recognises a wide range of legal work experience, not just traditional training programmes, including working as a paralegal or in a student law clinic, provided that the experience gives a candidate the opportunity to develop the competences required for practice as a solicitor.

Transitional route to qualifying as a solicitor

The SQE was introduced in September 2021. There are transitional arrangements in place for anyone who started on their journey to qualifying as a solicitor before that date.  More information can be found on the SRA’s website.

Further information

Once admitted, solicitors are under a professional duty to make sure they can offer a proper standard of service to their clients. They must therefore make sure they stay up to date and are competent to practise in their particular field of work. To make sure they meet this requirement, solicitors are required to make an annual declaration that they’ve reflected on the quality of their work, and addressed any learning needs they identified through appropriate training and development.

This is a broad outline of what you need to do to start your career as a trainee solicitor. For more details, visit the SRA’s Becoming a Solicitor pages. If you need to talk to someone, call the SRA’s contact centre on 0370 606 2555 or email [email protected].